He mea nui te whakahaere i te kumenga whai hua hei pupuri i te pono me te roa o te wā o ngā whakaurunga muka whatu. Ngā rawhi ADSS, tae atu ki terawhi whakatārewatanga adssmerawhi kume adss, he tino pai i tēnei wāhanga mā te whakarato tautoko pumau mō ngā taura i roto i ngā taiao kanorau. Nā tō rātou kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga huarere kino ka noho haumaru, ka mahi hoki ngā taura muka. I tētahi atu taha, he uaua ki ngā rawhi tuku iho te whakataurite i te mahi a ngā otinga motuhake pēnei i terawhi kume taura adssNā tēnei ka waiho te ADSS hei whiringa pai mō ngā whakaurunga e hiahia ana ki te tika me te pakari. Hei tāpiri, ko tetaura adsshe maha ngā whakamahinga, ā, ka whakarei ake i te whai huatanga whānui o ngā pūnaha muka whatu.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- Ka mau pūmau ngā taura i ngā rawhi ADSS, e aukati ana i te totohu me te kino i ngā wāhi uaua.
- Ka roa te mau o ēnei here, ā, ka taea te tu atu i ngā āhuatanga kino o te rangi, he mea tino pai mō te whakamahi i waho.
- He iti ake te utu o ngā here tuku ihoengari me nui ake ngā whakatikatika nā te mea ka tere ake te pakaru.
- I ngā wāhi pukumahi, i ngā wāhi uaua rānei ki te tae atu, ka pai ake te mahi a ngā rawhi ADSS nā te mea he kaha, he ngāwari hoki te whakatū.
- Whakaarohia ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e tō kaupapa i mua i te kōwhiri i te ADSS, i ngā rawhi tuku iho rānei, kia whiwhi ai i ngā hua pai rawa atu, kia penapena moni hoki.
Te Mārama ki ngā Rawhi ADSS
He aha ngā rawhi ADSS?
He taputapu motuhake ngā rawhi ADSSi hangaia hei whakau i ngā taura muka whatu All-Dielectric Self-Supporting (ADSS). He mea nui ēnei rawhi mō te pupuri i te taumahatanga me te whakarārangi o te taura i roto i ngā whakaurunga o runga. E rua ngā momo matua o te umanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e whakarōpūtia ana ngā rawhi ADSS: ngā rawhi whakatārewatanga me ngā rawhi mutunga kore.
- Rawhi WhakatārewatangaKa whakamahia tēnei momo mō ngā pou rārangi-tika, ngā pourewa rānei, he koki hurihuri kei raro iho i te 25°. Kei roto ko ngā wāhanga pēnei i ngā tokotoko kua oti te hanga, ngā whakaurunga elastomeric, me te anga konumohe whakarewa. Mō ngā koki i waenga i te 25° me te 60°, e taunakihia ana kia whakamahia he rawhi whakatārewatanga takirua.
- Rawhi WhakamutuHe mea hanga mō ngā pou pito, ngā pourewa rānei, ka taea e tēnei rawhi te whakahaere i ngā koki hurihuri neke atu i te 60°. Kei roto ko ngā tokotoko whakapakari hanganga, ngā kapiti o te tīmipa, me ngā hononga toronga, kia mau ai te pupuri me te tiaki i te taura mai i ngā kaha kuru nui.
He mea nui te mahi a ēnei rawhi hei whakarite i te pumau me te roa o te ora o ngā taura ADSS, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao uaua.
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o ngā Rawhi ADSS
He tino tika te hanga o ngā rawhi ADSS hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā whakaurunga muka whatu hou. He maha ngā āhuatanga matua o roto i tō rātou hoahoa:
- Ngā Āhuatanga HikoKāore ngā rawhi ADSS e kawe hiko, ā, he tino pai te ārai hiko, he pai hoki mō ngā tāutanga tata ki ngā raina hiko.
- Te Hanganga o ngā RauemiMā ngā rauemi kounga teitei pēnei i te konumohe, te maitai kore waikura, me te maitai piauau ka roa te ora me te ātete ki te waikura.
- Whakatauranga UtainaKa taea e ēnei rawhi te tu atu i ngā kawenga miihini nui, kia mau ai te tautoko taura ahakoa te taumahatanga nui.
- Awhe PāmahanaHe whai hua tā rātou mahi puta noa i te whānuitanga o te pāmahana, he mea tino pai mō ngā momo āhuarangi rerekē.
- Rahi me te KahaKa taea e ngā rawhi ADSS te whakauru i ngā rahi me ngā momo taura rerekē, ā, ka taea te whakamahi mō ngā whakaritenga tāutanga rerekē.
Nā ēnei āhuatanga ka waiho ngā rawhi ADSS hei whiringa pono mō ngā whakatakotoranga ki ngā tāone me ngā taiwhenua.
Ngā Painga o ngā Rawhi ADSS
He maha ngā painga o ngā rawhi ADSS e wehewehe ana i a rātou i ngā momo kē atu tuku iho:
- Te pakariKo tōna hanganga pakari ka ātete ki te waikura, te pānga o te UV, me ngā āhuatanga huarere kino, kia roa ai te mahi.
- Ngā momo mahiHe maha ngā whakamahinga o ngā rawhi ADSS, mai i ngā tāone nui e nui ana te haere o te tangata ki ngā tāone iti tae noa ki ngā tāone tuawhenua.
- Ngāwari o te TāutangaMā te hoahoa modular ka māmā ake te tāutanga, ka whakaitihia te utu mahi me te wā.
- Mana Whakarei AkeMā ēnei rawhi ka taea te whakahaere i te kumekume, ka whakaitihia te mōrearea o te totohu, te pakaru rānei o te taura.
E whakaatu ana tētahi rangahau take i tōna whai huatanga i ngā rohe takutai moana he nui te haumākū me te tote. I whakaatu ngā rawhi ADSS i te ātete pai rawa atu ki te waikura, ā, i mau tonu te pupuri i ngā taura. I whakaūhia e tētahi atu aromatawai i tētahi rohe takutai moana hau nui tōna pakari me te tautoko taura haumaru i raro i ngā āhuatanga uaua.
| Whakaahuatanga Akoranga Take | Hua |
|---|---|
| Te whakatinanatanga ki ngā rohe takutai moana he nui te haumākū me te nui o te tote | Ātete ki te waikura, ā, mau tonu te pupuri pakari |
| Te whakamahinga i roto i te rohe takutai hau nui e te kamupene whakawhitiwhiti kōrero | He pakari te mau me te tautoko taura haumaru ahakoa ngā āhuatanga uaua |
| Te tiaki i te pānga o te UV me te waikura | He pai mō ngā tāutanga o waho mō te wā roa |
Nā ēnei painga ka waiho a ADSS hei kōwhiringa pai mō ngā tāutanga e hiahia ana ki te tika me te pono.
Ngā Huakore o ngā Rawhi ADSS
Ahakoa he maha ngā painga o ngā rawhi ADSS, he herenga anō hoki kei a rātou me whai whakaaro ngā kaiwhakauru me ngā kaihangarau i mua i te kōwhiringa mō ngā tāutanga muka whatu.
- Te Utu Tīmatanga Teitei AkeHe nui ake te haumitanga o mua mō ngā here ADSS ki te whakaritea ki ngā here tuku iho. Ko ō rātou hoahoa motuhake me ngā rauemi kounga teitei ka whai wāhi ki tēnei utu. Mō ngā kaupapa he iti te tahua, ka waiho pea tēnei hei wero nui.
- Te Tāutanga Uaua i roto i ētahi HoropakiAhakoa he māmā noa te tāuta i ngā rawhi ADSS, ka uaua pea te whakatūnga i roto i ngā āhuatanga motuhake. Hei tauira, ko ngā tāutanga e whakamahi ana i ngā whirihoranga pou koretake, i ngā koki tahuri nui rānei, ka hiahiatia pea he wāhanga tāpiri, ka nui ake te wā me te mahi.
- Hototahitanga Iti ki ngā Taura Kore-ADSSHe mea hanga motuhake ēnei rawhi mō ngā taura tautoko-ā-iwi katoa-hiko. Mēnā ka whakamahia me ētahi atu momo taura, ka kore pea e pai te mahi, ka kino rānei ngā taura. Ka whakawhāitihia e tēnei te maha o ngā whakamahinga i roto i ngā taiao taura whakauru.
- Ngā Whakaaro TaumahaKo ngā rauemi pakari e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā rawhi ADSS, pērā i te konumohe me te maitai kore waikura, ka whakanui ake i tō rātou taumaha. Ka taea e tēnei te whakanui ake i te kawenga katoa i runga i ngā pou, i ngā pourewa rānei, inā koa i roto i ngā whakaurunga he maha ngā rawhi.
- Te Tairongo ki te Taiao i ngā Wāhi Tino KinoAhakoa he pai te mahi a ngā rawhi ADSS i te nuinga o ngā āhuatanga, ko ētahi taiao tino kino, pērā i ngā wāhi e pā pinepine ana te uira, me whai tikanga whakapūmau whenua anō. Ka nui ake te uaua o te tukanga tāutanga.
TuhipokaAhakoa ēnei ngoikoretanga, he nui ake ngā painga o ngā rawhi ADSS i ō rātou herenga i ngā wā e tino hira ana te tika me te pakari.
Mā te mārama ki ēnei ngoikoretanga ka āwhina i ngā kaiwhakatau ki te aromatawai mēnā e rite ana ngā here ADSS ki ngā hiahia motuhake o ā rātou kaupapa muka whatu. Mā te paunatia o ēnei āhuatanga, ka taea e rātou te whakarite i te mahi tino pai me te whai hua o te utu i roto i ā rātou whakaurunga.
Te tūhura i ngā rawhi tuku iho
He aha ngā herenga tuku iho?
He taputapu maha ngā momo rawhi tuku iho hei whakau i ngā taura muka whatu i roto i ngā momo tāutanga. Kāore i rite ki ngā rawhi ADSS, kāore ēnei rawhi i hangaia mō ngā taura All-Dielectric Self-Supporting engari e whakarato ana i te whānuitanga o ngā momo taura. He mea whakamahi noa ēnei i roto i ngā tāutanga o runga, o runga pakitara, me runga mata, e tuku ana i te ngāwari mō ngā taiao rerekē.
Ka taea te whakarōpū i ngā here tuku iho ki ētahi momo i runga i tō rātou hoahoa me te whakamahinga:
- Ngā Āpiti Whakamau PakitaraHe mea tino pai mō te tāpiri taura ki ngā pakitara i roto i ngā pūnaha o runga.
- Ngā Rawhi Mowhiti-DKei roto he whāriki āhua-D mō ngā hononga haumaru i ngā wāhi e iri ana.
- Ngā Āpiti Maunga-MataWhakaratohia he otinga iti te āhua mā te tāpiri tika ki ngā mata.
- Ngā Āpiti-TWhakamaua ngā taura ki ngā whāriki āhua-T, e tika ana mō ngā mahi o waho.
- Ngā Here TauraHe kuiti ngā hononga i hangaia mō ngā taura iti ake, he pai te whakamahi i ngā wāhi kuiti.
E whakaatu ana ēnei whakarōpūtanga i te ngāwari o ngā rawhi tuku iho i roto i ngā āhuatanga tāutanga rerekē.
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o ngā Pūmau Tuku Iho
He maha ngā āhuatanga matua o ngā rawhi tuku iho e pono ai mō ngā tāutanga muka whatu. Kei te ripanga e whai ake nei ngā āhuatanga o ngā momo rawhi rerekē:
| Momo Rawhi | Ngā Āhuatanga Matua |
|---|---|
| Ngā Here mekameka | He hoahoa mekameka whakarerekētanga mō ngā mahi maha, e tika ana mō ngā rahi paipa katoa. |
| Ngā Āpiti Korehau KF | I hangaia mō ngā mahi korehau e hiahia ana kia hiritia tika, he mea tino pai mō ngā taiwhanga me te tukatuka kai. |
| Ngā Herenga Piri-Rua | E rua ngā pine hei tāpiri i te pumau, he tino pai mō ngā whakaritenga pēhanga teitei me te akuaku. |
| Ngā Āpiti Toru-Wāhanga | He ngāwari ki te huihui me te wetewete, e whakarato ana i te hiri pono me te kore he taputapu tāpiri. |
| Ngā Āpiti Pēhanga-Teitei | He hanganga taumaha mō ngā pūnaha pēhanga teitei, e ārai ana i te turuturu, ā, e whakarite ana i te haumaru mōrahi. |
E whakaatu ana ēnei āhuatanga i te pakari me te mahi a ngā rawhi tuku iho puta noa i ngā momo ahumahi.
Ngā Painga o ngā Āpiti Tuku Iho
He maha ngā painga o ngā rawhi tuku iho, ā, he mea whai hua ēnei mō ngā tāutanga muka whatu:
- Te Mahi me te Pono o te Taura Kua Whakapai AkeKa mau pūmau ngā taura i ngā FTTH Cable Drop Clamps, ka ārai i te kino tinana me te whakaiti i te kakahu me te haehae.
- Te Whakaiti i te Whakararuraru TohuMā te whakau i ngā taura, ka whakaitihia e ēnei rawhi te nekehanga ka puta ai te pokanoa, ka whakarei ake i te pai o te whatunga.
- Te Pono o te Whatunga PūmauMā ngā rawhi tuku iho ka noho tonu ngā taura ki te wāhi tika, ka ārai i ngā whakararuraru, ka whakapai ake hoki i te tuku raraunga.
- Te Whai Hua o te UtuHe iti ake te utu o ēnei rawhi i ngā kōwhiringa motuhake, ā, he pai mō ngā kaupapa e whai whakaaro ana ki te tahua.
- Ngāwari o te WhakamahiMā te hoahoa māmā ka māmā ake te tāutanga, ka whakaitihia te wā mahi me ngā utu.
Nā ēnei painga ka waiho ngā rawhi tuku iho hei kōwhiringa pono mō ngā tāutanga e aro nui ana ki te utu me te ngāwari.
Ngā Huakore o ngā Pūmau Tuku Iho
Ahakoa he maha ngā whakamahinga me te utu iti o ngā rawhi tuku iho, he maha ngā herenga ka pā ki te mahi me te pai mō ngā tāutanga muka whatu. Ko ēnei ngoikoretanga he maha ngā take e ahu mai ana i ngā herenga hoahoa me ngā rauemi, tae atu ki ngā tikanga e hiahiatia ana mō te tāutanga.
- Te Pumautanga ItiHe maha ngā wā kāore i roto i ngā rawhi tuku iho ngā rauemi pakari e kitea ana i roto i ngā kōwhiringa motuhake pēnei i ngā rawhi ADSS. I roto i te wā, ka taea e te pānga ki ngā āhuatanga huarere kino, pēnei i te pāmahana tino nui, te haumākū nui rānei, te arahi ki te waikura me te pirau o ngā rauemi. Ka whakaitihia te roa o te ora o ngā rawhi, ā, ka nui ake ngā whakaritenga tiaki.
- Te Ngāwari o ngā WhakarerekētangaHe maha ngā rawhi tuku iho e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakarewa, ki te keri rānei i te wā tāutanga. Hei tauira, me whakamahi taputapu utu nui me te kaimahi mohio ki te whakarewa. Ko te kounga o te hononga e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki te tohungatanga o te kai whakarewa, ā, ka hangaia e te tukanga he hononga pumau e whakawhāiti ana i ngā whakatikatika a meake nei. Hei tāpiri, me tango ngā paninga tiaki me te tāpiri anō, ka nui ake te uaua. Ko te keri, i tetahi atu taha, ka whakarerekē i te hanganga o te maitai, ā, me whakamahi taputapu taumaha. He roa te wā me te utu nui te tukanga, inā koa ka pā ki te pakaru o ngā mata keri, ki ngā tere keri motuhake rānei.
- Te Piki Ake o te Mōrearea o te Pakaru TauraHe maha ngā wā ka pēhia ngā taura e ngā here tuku iho, ā, ka raru pea te tinana i roto i te wā. He tino raruraru tēnei i ngā taiao taumaha, ina kore e tika te here ka totohu, ka whati rānei te taura.
- Ngā Hiahia Tiaki Teitei AkeHe rerekē ki ngā rawhi ADSS, me tirotiro me whakatikatika pinepine ngā rawhi tuku iho kia mau tonu ai te mahi. Ka piki ake ngā utu whakahaere me te wā kore mahi, inā koa i ngā whakaurunga nui.
TuhipokaNā ēnei herenga ka kore e pai ngā rawhi tuku iho mō ngā kaupapa e hiahia ana kia tino tika, kia roa, kia iti hoki te tiaki. Ahakoa he rawaka pea mō ngā tāutanga māmā ake, he maha ngā wā ka nui ake ō rātou ngoikoretanga i ō rātou painga i roto i ngā taiao uaua.
ADSS me ngā Rawhi Tuku Iho: He Tātaritanga Whakataurite
Whakataurite i te Whakahaere Taumahatanga
He mea nui te whakahaere i te kume ki te pupuri i te hanganga pai o ngā taura muka whatu.He pai ake te ADSSi tēnei wāhi nā tōna hoahoa motuhake. Ka tohatoha ōritetia te taumahatanga e ēnei here puta noa i te taura, ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te totohu, te pakaru rānei. Mā tō rātou kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā kawenga miihini teitei ka pumau tonu te mahi, ahakoa i roto i ngā āhuatanga huarere kino.
Ngā rawhi tuku iho, i tētahi atu taha, he maha ngā wā ka uaua ki te whakarato i te taumata ōrite o te tika. Kāore i roto i ā rātou hoahoa ngā āhuatanga matatau e kitea ana i roto i te ADSS夹, pērā i ngā tokotoko kua oti te hanga me ngā whakaurunga elastomeric. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te tohatoha pēhanga kāore i te ōrite, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te pakaru me te haehae o te taura. I roto i ngā taiao taumahatanga teitei, ka kore pea ngā rawhi tuku iho e pupuri i te pumau e hiahiatia ana, ka hua ake he hiahia tiaki auau.
I whakaatuhia e tētahi rangahau whakatairite i pupuri te ADSS i te kukū tino pai i roto i ngā whakaurunga e toro atu ana i ngā tawhiti roa, engari i hiahiatia he whakatikatika mō ngā rawhi tuku iho hei ārai i te piko. E whakaatu ana tēnei i te mana whakahaere kukū pai rawa atu e tukuna ana e te ADSS, ā, koinei te whiringa pai mō ngā tono uaua.
Ngā Whakaritenga Tāutanga
He māmā noa te tukanga tāutanga mō te ADSS夹 engari me aro nui ki ngā taipitopito. He hoahoa āhua-rua ēnei here, e whakangawari ana i te huihuinga me te whakaiti i te wā mahi. Heoi, ko ētahi āhuatanga, pērā i ngā tāutanga me ngā whirihoranga pou koretake, ka hiahiatia pea he wāhanga tāpiri. Ka taea e tēnei te whakanui ake i te uauatanga engari ka whakarite kia haumaru, kia roa hoki te whakatūnga.
Ahakoa he māmā ake te hoahoa o ngā here tuku iho, he maha ngā wā ka nui ake te mahi e hiahiatia ana mō te tāutanga. Ko ngā tikanga pēnei i te whakarewa, te keri rānei e hiahiatia ana, he mea e pau ana te wā me te utu nui. Hei tauira, ko te whakarewa e hiahiatia ana he kaimahi mohio me ngā taputapu motuhake. I tetahi atu taha, ko te keri ka whakararu i te hanganga o te mata tāutanga.
Mō te whai huatanga, he pai ake te mahi a te ADSS i ngā rawhi tuku iho. Nā te ngāwari o te tāutanga ka whakaitihia te wā kore mahi me ngā utu mahi, ka waiho hei otinga whai hua mō te wā roa. Ahakoa te iti o te utu tīmatanga o ngā rawhi tuku iho, he maha ngā wā ka nui ake ngā whakapaunga whakahaere nā te uaua o ngā whakaritenga tāutanga.
Ngā Whakamahinga me ngā Taupānga
He tino maha ngā whakamahinga o te ADSS夹, ā, he whānuitia ngā whakamahinga. He tino whai hua i ngā tāone nui e nui ana te haere o te tangata, he mea nui te whakahaere auau i te kume hei pupuri i te pono o te whatunga. Nā tōna hanganga pakari, he mea pai mō ngā whakaurunga ki ngā rohe takutai moana, ka taea e ngā hononga tawhito te whakararu i te makuku nui me te tote. Hei tāpiri, he tino pai te mahi a te ADSS夹 i ngā whakaurunga roa, e whakarite ana i te tautoko taura pumau mō ngā tawhiti roa.
He pai ake ngā rawhi tuku iho mō ngā taiao kāore i te tino uaua. He mea whakamahi noa i roto i ngā whakaurunga iti, pērā i ngā wāhi noho, i ngā wāhi iti rānei te haere. Nā te utu iti, he mea ātaahua mō ngā kaupapa he iti te tahua. Heoi, nā te iti o te whakahaere i te kume me te pakari ka aukati i te whakamahinga i roto i ngā āhuatanga uaua.
Mō ngā tāutanga e hiahia ana ki te tika me te pono, ko ADSS夹 tonu te whiringa pai rawa atu. Nā tōna kaha ki te urutau ki ngā taiao kanorau me te pupuri i te mahi ōrite ka wehewehe i a ia i ngā rawhi tuku iho.
Te Kōwhiri i te Rawhi Tika mō ngā Horopaki Motuhake
Ngā Wāhi Tino Waka
Ko ngā whakaurunga muka whatu i ngā wāhi e nui ana te haere o te tangata, me whakamahi i ngā rawhi hei whakarite i te mahi pumau me te pono. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ēnei taiao e ngā wiri nui me ngā kaha o waho, pērā i ngā mea e puta mai ana i ngā waka e haere ana, i ngā mahi hanga rānei. He tino pai ngā rawhi ADSS i roto i ēnei āhuatanga nā te mea he pakari te hanganga me te kaha ki te pupuri i te kukū pumau. Ko ā rātou rauemi ātete-waikura, pērā i te maitai kore waikura me te konumohe, ka roa te mau ahakoa i ngā wāhi he nui te parahanga, he nui hoki te makuku.
Ahakoa te utu iti o ngā here tuku iho, kāore pea e rite te pumau ki ngā rohe e nui ana te haere o te tangata. He maha ngā wā kāore i roto i ngā hoahoa māmā ake ngā āhuatanga matatau e hiahiatia ana hei tu atu i ngā wiri tonu. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te totohu o te taura, te pakaru rānei, ka hua ake he tiaki auau me te whakararuraru pea i ngā ratonga. Mō ngā whakaurunga tāone nui e tino hiahiatia ana te pono o te whatunga, ko ngā here ADSS tonu te whiringa pai rawa atu.
TohutohuI te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā rawhi mō ngā wāhi e nui ana te haere o te tangata, me whakarite kia rite ki ngā rauemi pēnei ikowiri tiramō tō rātou ātete ki ngā taumahatanga taiao me te kakahu miihini.
Ngā Whānuitanga Roa
He wero motuhake ngā whakaurunga roa-whānui, tae atu ki te pikinga o te ahotea ā-pūkaha me te hiahia mō te whakahaere i te kumetanga tika. E whakanui ana ngā rangahau hangarau i te hiranga o te uta pou me te tatau i te kawenga hau hei whakarite i te pumau ā-pūkaha o ngā rawhi i roto i ēnei āhuatanga. He mea nui anō hoki te tātari kumetanga me te totoro ki te whakatau i te kumetanga taura tino pai, te whakaiti i te ahotea ā-pūkaha, me te ārai i te pakaru wawe. Ko ngā rawhi ADSS, me ā rātou tikanga whakahaere kumetanga matatau, e whakarato ana i te tautoko e tika ana mō ngā whakaurunga roa-whānui. Ko tō rātou kaha ki te tohatoha i te kumetanga kia ōrite puta noa i te taura ka whakarite i te pumau me te roa o te ora.
He maha ngā wā ka uaua ngā herenga tuku iho i ngā whakamahinga roa nā te iti o ō rātou kaha whakahaere kume. Mā te kore e taurite te tohatoha pēhanga ka heke te taura, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te kino i roto i te wā. Hei tāpiri, kāore pea i ngā herenga tuku iho te pakari e hiahiatia ana hei tu atu i ngā āhuatanga taiao pēnei i ngā hau kaha, i ngā rerekētanga pāmahana rānei.
| Momo Rauemi | Ngā Āhuatanga | Ngā tono |
|---|---|---|
| maitai waro | He kaha, engari he ngāwari ki te waikura | Whakamahinga whānui, ehara i te mea mō ngā taiao waikura |
| Kowiri tira | Ātete ki te waikura, pakari | Ngā tono taumaha, te whakamahinga o waho |
| Kirihou | He iti te utu, ātete ki te waikura | Ngā tono māmā, ngā taiao iti te ahotea |
E whakaatu ana te ripanga i runga ake nei i te hiranga o te whiriwhiri i te rauemi tika mō ngā whakapiri i roto i ngā whakaurunga roa. Hei tauira, ka tukuna e te kowiri tira te pakari me te ātete ki te waikura e hiahiatia ana mō te whakamahinga o waho, ā, he kōwhiringa pai rawa atu mō ēnei kaupapa.
Ngā Wāhi he Ara Poto
I ngā wāhi he iti ngā ara, pērā i ngā ara whāiti, i ngā tāone nui rānei, me whai whakaaro te whiriwhiri i ngā hononga ki ngā here o te wāhi me te uaua o te tāutanga. Mā ngā hononga ADSS, me ō rātou hoahoa ā-pūrua, ka māmā ake te tukanga tāutanga, ka whakaiti hoki i te hiahia mō ngā wāhanga tāpiri. Nā tō rātou kaha ki te whakauru i ngā rahi me ngā whirihoranga taura rerekē, ka tino urutau rātou ki ngā wāhi whāiti.
Ahakoa he iti ake te utu mō ngā here tuku iho, he maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he tikanga tāutanga nui te mahi pērā i te whakarewa, te keri rānei. Ka uaua pea ēnei tukanga i roto i ngā wāhi kuiti, ka nui ake te wā me te utu o te tāutanga. Hei tāpiri, kāore pea ngā here tuku iho e whakarato i te taumata whakahaere kume rite tonu, ka arahi pea ki ngā raruraru ki te pumau o te taura i roto i ngā ara kuiti.
- Ngā Take MīhiniMe rite te whānui o te paipa me te rauemi o te rawhi ki te whakamahinga e whakaarohia ana me ngā āhuatanga o te taiao.
- Ngā āhuatanga taiaoKo te taiao tāutanga, ahakoa kei roto, kei waho, kei te pāngia rānei e te wai, e ngā matū rānei, ka pā ki te kōwhiringa o te rauemi rawhi.
- Ngā Aratohu TāutangaHe mea nui te whakarite tika i te mata me te whiriwhiri tupato i ngā wāhi tāutanga kia whai hua ai ngā whakapiri.
E whakaatu ana ēnei whakaaro i te hiranga o te whiriwhiri i ngā rawhi e whakataurite ana i te mahi me te ngāwari o te tāutanga. Mā te hangarau tika me te ngāwari o te urutau, ka tukuna e ngā rawhi ADSS he otinga pono mō ngā tāutanga i ngā wāhi he iti ngā ara.
TuhipokaIna mahi ana i ngā wāhi kuiti, me whakarite kia iti rawa ngā taputapu me te kaha e hiahiatia ana mō te tāutanga hei penapena wā me te whakaiti i ngā utu mahi.
He pai ake te whakahaere i te kukū o te ADSS, te pakari, me te whai hua o te utu ki te whakataurite ki ngā rawhi tuku iho. Mā tōna kaha ki te whakauru i ngā kaha kawe kawenga ki te hoahoa taura ka māmā ake te tāutanga, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā utu tae atu ki te 20%. Ahakoa he utu tika ngā rawhi tuku iho, he maha ngā wā ka uaua ki ngā taiao uaua, ā, me whai taputapu whakatārewatanga tāpiri, ka piki ake te uaua. Mō ngā tāutanga muka whatu e hiahia ana ki te tika me te pono, ko ADSS夹 tonu te whiringa pai rawa atu. Mā tōna hoahoa pakari ka roa te mahi, ahakoa i roto i ngā āhuatanga uaua, ka waiho hei mea nui mō ngā hanganga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero hou.
| Āhuatanga | Ngā Painga o te ADSS | Ngā Herenga o ngā Āpiti Tuku Iho |
|---|---|---|
| Te Uauatanga o te Tāutanga | Ka whakaiti i te uauatanga o te tāutanga mā te whakauru i ngā āheinga amo kawenga ki roto i te hoahoa taura. | Me whai taputapu whakatārewatanga motuhake, kia uaua ake ai. |
| Te pakari o ngā rauemi | I hangaia kia tu atu ki ngā taiao uaua, kia roa ai te mau. | Kāore pea i te tino urutau ki ngā āhuatanga tino kino. |
| Te Whai Hua o te Utu | Ka whakaiti i ngā utu tāutanga mā te 15–20% pea. | Te utu nui ake o ngā rauemi me ngā whakapaunga tāutanga. |
Ngā Pātai Auau
He aha te mea e pai ake ai ngā rawhi ADSS mō te whakahaere i te kumekume?
Ngā rawhi ADSSKa tohatoha ōrite te taumahatanga puta noa i ngā taura, ka whakaiti i te hekenga me te pakaru. Ko tā rātou hoahoa matatau, tae atu ki ngā tokotoko kua oti te hanga me ngā whakaurunga elastomeric, ka whakarite i te mahi pumau i roto i ngā taiao taumahatanga nui. Nā tēnei ka pai mō ngā toronga roa me ngā āhuatanga wero.
He pai ngā rawhi tuku iho mō ngā tāutanga o waho?
Ngā rawhi tuku ihoka taea te mahi i waho engari kāore i te pakari pērā i ngā rawhi ADSS. Ka waikura, ka pirau rānei i ngā wā tino kino. Mō te whakamahinga roa o waho, ka pai ake te ātete o ngā rawhi ADSS ki te pānga o te UV, te haumākū, me ngā huringa pāmahana.
Me pēhea e whakangawari ake ai te tāutanga e ngā rawhi ADSS?
He hoahoa ā-pūrere ngā here ADSS e whakaiti ana i te wā tāutanga me te mahi. Kāore i rite ki ngā here tuku iho, kāore e hiahiatia he whakarewa, he keri rānei. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te tāuta, inā koa i ngā wāhi he iti ngā ara, he uaua rānei ngā whirihoranga.
Ka taea e ngā rawhi tuku iho te tu atu ki ngā taiao taumaha?
Ka raru ngā here tuku iho i ngā āhuatanga taumahatanga nui nā te kore taurite o te tohatoha pēhanga. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te totohu o te taura, te pakaru rānei. He pai ake ngā here ADSS, me ō rātou mana whakahaere taumahatanga pai, mō ngā whakaurunga e hiahia ana ki te tautoko kawenga miihini teitei.
Ko tēhea momo rawhi he iti ake te utu mō te wā roa?
Ahakoa he iti ake te utu tīmatanga o ngā here tuku iho, he pai ake te roa o te mau o ngā here ADSS, ā, he iti ake hoki ngā hiahia tiaki. He maha ngā wā ka whakaitihia te haumitanga o mua e te pono mō te wā roa, ā, ka iti ake te utu mō ngā tono uaua.
Wā tuku: 27 Paenga-whāwhā 2025