Taura muka whatu aratau-maha me te aratau-kotahi: Ngā painga me ngā huakore o te wehewehenga

Taura muka whatu maha-arataumetaura muka whatu aratau kotahiHe rerekē rawa ngā diameter matua me te mahi. Ko ngā muka maha-aratau he 50–100 µm te diameter matua, ko ngā muka kotahi-aratau he tata ki te 9 µm. He pai ngā taura maha-aratau i ngā tawhiti poto, tae atu ki te 400 mita, ko ngā muka kotahi-aratau ia e tautoko ana i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tawhiti e horapa ana i ētahi kiromita me te iti o te ngaronga tohu. Hei tāpiri,taura muka whatu kore-whakarewaKei te wātea ngā kōwhiringa mō ngā taiao e tino hiahiatia ana te ātete ki te waikura. Mō ngā tono motuhake,taura muka whatu rangihe mea tino pai mō ngā tāutanga o runga, i te wātaura muka whatu raro whenuakua hangaia mō ngā mahi tanumia, hei whakarato i te parenga pakari mai i ngā āhuatanga taiao.

Ngā Whakaaro Matua

• Ngā taura muka maha-aratauHe pai te mahi mō ngā tawhiti poto, tae atu ki te 400 mita. He tino pai mō ngā whatunga ā-rohe me ngā pokapū raraunga.
• Ngā taura muka aratau-kotahihe pai ake mō ngā tawhiti roa, tae atu ki te 140 kiromita. He iti noa te tohu e ngaro ana, ā, he pai rawa atu mō ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
• I te whakatau, whakaarohia ō hiahia. He iti ake te utu mō te aratau maha mō ngā tawhiti poto. He pai ake te mahi a te aratau kotahi mō ngā tawhiti roa.

Te Mārama ki ngā Taura muka whatu aratau-maha me te aratau-kotahi

He aha te taura muka whatu maha-aratau?

He taura muka whatu maha-aratau kua hangaia mō te tuku raraunga tawhiti-poto. He nui ake te diameter o te matua, ko te 50, ko te 62.5 maikorona rānei te nuinga, e āhei ai ngā momo mārama maha ki te horapa i te wā kotahi. Nā tēnei āhuatanga e pai ai mō ngā tono pēnei i ngā whatunga rohe (LAN) me ngā pokapū raraunga. Heoi, ko te matua nui ake ka arahi pea ki te mararatanga aratau, ka horapa ngā tohu mārama i roto i te wā, ka puta pea te ngaronga raraunga, ka heke rānei te pono o te tohu i ngā tawhiti roa.

Kua arotauhia ngā taura maha-aratau mō ngā taiaho tuku-mata poutū (VCSEL) e mahi ana i te 850 nm, e āhei ai te whakawhiti raraunga tere-teitei. Ka tautokohia e rātou ngā kaha whānui tae atu ki te 10 Gbps i ngā tawhiti o te 300 ki te 550 mita. He iti hoki te utu o ēnei taura, ā, he māmā ake te tāuta, he mea rongonui mō ngā otinga whatunga tauine.

He aha te taura muka whatu aratau-kotahi?

He mea hanga ngā taura muka whatu aratau-kotahi mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tawhiti. Me te diameter matua o te 9 maikorona, kotahi anake te aratau mārama e taea te haere mā roto i te matua. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka whakaitihia te ngoikore me te marara, ka whakarite kia teitei te pono o te tohu i ngā tawhiti roa. Ka taea e ngā muka whatu aratau-kotahi te tuku raraunga i ngā tawhiti tae atu ki te 125 maero me te kore e whakanui ake, ā, he mea pai mō ngā whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me ngā whatunga tawhiti.

He nui ake ngā whānui o te hononga e tautokohia ana e ēnei taura, neke atu i te 100 Gbps, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā tono e hiahia ana kia tika me te pono. Heoi, he nui ake te utu o ngā taura aratau-kotahi nā te uaua o te tukanga hanga me te hiahia mō ngā transceivers motuhake.

Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o ngā Taura Aratau-maha me ngā Taura Aratau-kotahi

He pai rawa ngā taura muka whatu maha-aratau i roto i ngā taiao e hiahia ana ki ngā otinga poto-whāiti, engari ko ngā taura aratau-kotahi te mea nui i roto i ngā horopaki e hiahia ana ki te mahi teitei i runga i ngā tawhiti roa. He rerekē ngā painga me ngā herenga o ia momo, nā reira he mea nui ki tewhiriwhiria i runga i ngā hiahia tono motuhake.

Te Whakataurite i ngā Taura Muka Whatu Aratau-maha me te Aratau-kotahi

Te Diameter Matua me te Whakawhanuitanga o te Mārama

He nui te pānga o te whānui o te matua ki te horapa o te mārama i roto i ngā taura muka whatu. He iti ake te whānui o te matua o ngā muka aratau-kotahi, arā, 8-10 maikorona te nuinga, ā, kotahi anake te aratau mārama e taea ai te haere. Mā tēnei ara arotahi ka whakaitihia te horapa, ā, ka whakarite i te pono o te tohu i ngā tawhiti roa. He rerekē,ngā taura muka whatu maha-aratauhe nui ake ngā matua, mai i te 50 ki te 62.5 maikorona. Ka tautokohia e ēnei matua nui ake ngā momo māramatanga maha, e pai ai mō ngā tono tawhiti poto engari he ngāwari ake ki te horapa aratau.

Ngā Āheinga Tawhiti me te Whānuitanga

He tino pai ngā muka aratau-kotahi mō te whakawhitiwhiti tawhiti, e tautoko ana i te tuku tae atu ki te 140 kiromita me te kore e whakanui. He nui ake hoki te whānui o te hononga, he maha atu i te 100 Gbps, he mea pai mō ngā whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me ngā whatunga tere-tiketike. Ko ngā muka aratau-maha, i tētahi atu taha, he mea hanga mō ngā tawhiti poto ake, tae atu ki te 2 kiromita te nuinga, me ngā kaha whānui mai i te 10 Gbps ki te 400 Gbps. Ahakoa he rawaka ngā muka aratau-maha mō ngā whatunga rohe, ka heke te mahi i ngā tawhiti roa nā te nui ake o te whakaiti me te horapa.

Ngā Rerekētanga Utu me te Utu Whaitake

He mea nui te utu ina whiriwhiria ana i waenga i ēnei momo taura e rua. Ko ngā taura muka whatu maha-aratau he iti ake te utu nā te mea he māmā ake te hoahoa me te whakamahinga o ngā pūtake rama LED. Nā te whai huatanga o te utu ka rongonui ai rātou mō ngā tono umanga me ngā pokapū raraunga. Heoi, me whakamahi ngā muka aratau-kotahi i ngā diode laser me te whakatikatika tika, ka nui ake ngā utu. Ahakoa te haumitanga tuatahi, ka nui ake te ōhanga o ngā muka aratau-kotahi mō ngā tono tawhiti me te whānui-rahi, ina nui ake te mahi pai ake i te utu.

Ngā Whakamahinga o ngā Taura Muka Whatu Aratau-maha me te Aratau-kotahi

Ngā horopaki pai mō ngā taura muka whatu maha-aratau

Ko ngā taura muka whatu maha-aratau te mea tino pai mō ngā tono tawhiti poto, ina ko te whai huatanga o te utu me te ngāwari o te tāutanga he mea nui. He mea whakamahi noa ēnei taura i roto i ngā whatunga rohe (LAN) me ngā pokapū raraunga, ā, ka taea e rātou te tuku raraunga tere-teitei i waenga i ngā tūmau me ngā taputapu whatunga. Nā te kaha ki te tautoko i ngā whānui tae atu ki te 400 Gbps i runga i ngā tawhiti poto, he mea tino pai mō ngā taiao e hiahia ana ki te tukatuka raraunga tere me te iti o te whakaroa.

Ka whai hua anō hoki ngā whare wānanga me ngā puni umanga i ngā taura muka whatu maha-aratau. Ka mahi ēnei taura hei pou tuara pono mō ngā LAN puta noa i te puni, kia pai ai te hononga puta noa i ngā whare maha. Hei tāpiri, he maha ngā whakamahinga o ēnei taura i roto i ngā wāhi ahumahi hei hono i ngā taputapu i roto i ngā wāhi kuiti, ina nui ake te utu me te mahi i te hiahia mō ngā āheinga tawhiti.

Ngā horopaki pai mō ngā taura muka whatu aratau-kotahi

He tino pai ngā taura muka whatu aratau-kotahi mō ngā tono tawhiti me te whānui-rahi. He mea nui ēnei i roto i ngā hanganga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, e taea ai te tuku raraunga i ngā tawhiti neke atu i te 40 kiromita me te kore e ngaro nui te tohu. He mea nui hoki ēnei taura mō ngā whatunga muka tāone nui me ngā hanganga tuarā, he mea nui te pono me te whānuitanga.

He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā muka aratau-kotahi i roto i ngā pūnaha pouaka whakaata taura me ngā pokapū raraunga e hiahia ana ki ngā hononga whānui. Nā te kaha ki te pupuri i te pono o te tohu i ngā tawhiti roa, he pai mō ngā tono pēnei i ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ruku moana me te whakawhiti raraunga ā-whenua. Ko ngā ahumahi e hiahia ana ki te tika, pēnei i te whakaahua hauora me te pūoko ahumahi, e whakawhirinaki ana hoki ki ngā muka aratau-kotahi mō ā rātou mahi pai rawa atu.

Ngā Tauira me ngā Whakamahinga Ahumahi

He mea nui te mahi a ngā taura muka whatu puta noa i ngā momo ahumahi. E whakaatu ana te ripanga i raro nei i ētahi o ngā wāhanga tono matua:

I roto i ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ko ngā muka aratau-kotahi te pou tuarā o te hanganga ipurangi, ko ngā muka aratau-maha ia e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tāone. Ka whakamahia e ngā pokapū raraunga ngā momo taura e rua mō te tukatuka me te rokiroki raraunga whai hua. I roto i ngā taiao ahumahi, ka aroturukihia e ngā taura muka whatu ngā tawhā nui, kia mau ai te haumaru me te whai hua o te mahi.

Ngā Painga me ngā Huakore o ngā Taura muka whatu aratau-maha me te aratau-kotahi

Ngā Painga o ngā Taura Muka Whatu Aratau Maha

Ngā taura muka whatu maha-aratauHe maha ngā painga e tukuna ana e ēnei taura, inā koa mō ngā tono tawhiti poto. Ko te whānui o te matua, ko te 50 ki te 62.5 maikoroni te nuinga, ka taea ai e ngā tohu mārama maha te horapa i te wā kotahi. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka māmā ake te tāutanga, ka whakaitihia hoki ngā utu mā te whakamahi i ngā pūtake mārama iti ake te utu, pērā i ngā rama LED. He pai ēnei taura mō ngā whatunga rohe (LAN) me ngā pokapū raraunga, e tautoko ana i te tuku raraunga tere-teitei i ngā tawhiti tae atu ki te 400 mita.

Hei tāpiritanga, ka whakaratohia e ngā taura maha-aratau ngā kaha whānui mō ngā tawhiti poto ki waenga, ā, he pai mō ngā taiao e hiahia ana kia tere te tukatuka raraunga. Nā te iti o te utu me te ngāwari o te tāutanga, he mea rongonui ēnei mō ngā otinga whatunga tauine i roto i ngā whare wānanga, ngā puni umanga, me ngā taiao ahumahi.

Ngā Huakore o ngā Taura Muka Whatu Aratau-maha

Ahakoa ō rātou painga, he iti noa ngā herenga o ngā taura muka whatu maha-aratau. Ko te mararatanga aratau, i puta mai i ngā tohu mārama maha e haere ana i roto i te uho, ka arahi pea ki te hekenga o te tohu i ngā tawhiti roa. Nā tēnei āhuatanga ka whakawhāitihia tō rātou whānuitanga whai hua ki te tata ki te 2 kiromita.

Nā te rahi o te matua ka nui ake te ngoikore o te tohu ki te whakataurite ki ngā muka aratau-kotahi, ka whakaitihia te kounga o te tohu i ngā tawhiti roa. Ahakoa he iti te utu o ngā taura aratau-maha mō ngā tono tawhiti-poto, ka heke te mahi ina whakamahia mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tawhiti-roa, ā, kāore e pai mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, te whakawhiti raraunga rānei i waenga i ngā whenua.

Ngā Painga o ngā Taura Muka Whatu Aratau-Kotahi

He tino pai ngā taura muka whatu aratau-kotahi mō ngā tono tawhiti me te whānui-rahi. Ko te diameter matua iti ake, tata ki te 9 maikorona, ka taea anake te haere i te aratau mārama kotahi, ka whakaiti i te ngoikore me te marara. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka whakarite kia teitei te pono o te tohu i ngā tawhiti tae atu ki te 140 kiromita me te kore e whakanui ake.

Ka tautokohia e ēnei taura ngā whānui raraunga neke atu i te 100 Gbps, ā, he mea nui rawa atu mō ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ngā whatunga tāone nui, me ngā hanganga tuarā. Ko ngā ahumahi e hiahia ana ki te tika, pērā i te whakaahua hauora me te pūoko ahumahi, ka whai hua anō hoki i te mahi pai o ngā muka aratau-kotahi. Ahakoa he nui ake te utu tīmatanga, ka tukuna e rātou he whai huatanga utu mō te wā roa mō ngā tono uaua.

Ngā Huakore o ngā Taura Muka Whatu Aratau-Kotahi

He wero ngā taura muka whatu aratau-kotahite tāutanga me te tiaki. Ko te iti o te rahi o te matua me whakarite tika me ngā taputapu motuhake, ka nui ake te uaua me te utu. He pakarukaru ake hoki ēnei taura i ngā muka maha-aratau, me te iti o te radius piko e hiahia ana kia tupato te whakahaere.

Ko te tāutanga me te tiaki e hiahia ana ki ngā kaimahi whakangungu me ngā taputapu motuhake, he uaua pea te kimi i ēnei i ētahi rohe. Ahakoa he tino pai te mahi a ngā muka aratau-kotahi, ko te utu tīmatanga teitei me te uaua ka ārai pea i ngā kaiwhakamahi he iti ā rātou tahua, he iti ake rānei ngā whakaritenga e hiahiatia ana.

He otinga utu-pai ngā taura muka whatu maha-aratau mō ngā tono poto-whānui, ko ngā taura aratau-kotahi ia he tino pai mō ngā horopaki tawhiti-roa, whānui-rahi. Ko ngā whatunga muka whatu, tae atu ki te 60% te nui ake o te penapena hiko i ngā raina parahi, ka whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao. Heoi, kei te tūtaki te whakatinanatanga ki ngā wero ōhanga me ngā wero whakahaere. Kei a Dowell ngā taura muka whatu kounga teitei kua whakaritea mō ngā hiahia rerekē, kia pai ai te mahi.

Ngā Pātai Auau

He aha te rerekētanga matua i waenga i ngā taura muka whatu aratau-maha me ngā taura muka whatu aratau-kotahi?

Ngā taura maha-aratauhe nui ake ngā matua mō te tuku raraunga tawhiti-poto. He iti ake ngā matua o ngā taura aratau-kotahi, e āhei ai te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tawhiti-roa me te iti o te ngaronga tohu.

Ka taea te whakamahi tauwhitiwhiti i ngā taura aratau-maha me ngā taura aratau-kotahi?

Kāo, he rerekē ngā momo whakawhiti e hiahiatia ana, ā, kua arotauhia mō ngā tono motuhake. Mā te whakamahi i te momo hē ka raru pea te mahi, ka kore rānei e hototahi te tohu.

Me pēhea taku whiriwhiri i waenga i ngā taura aratau-maha me ngā taura aratau-kotahi?

Whakaarohia te tawhiti, ngā hiahia whānui, me te tahua. He pai te aratau maha mō ngā tautuhinga tawhiti poto, utu iti. He pai te aratau kotahi mō ngā tono tawhiti roa, whānui teitei.