He mea nui ngā taura muka whatu i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga hou, e whakarato ana i te tuku raraunga tere me te pono. E matapaetia ana ka tino tipu te mākete o te ao mō ngā taura muka whatu, mai i te USD 3.5 piriona i te tau 2023 ki te USD 7.8 piriona i te tau 2032, nā te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō te ipurangi tere me te whānui haere o ngā hanganga kapua.
- A taura papaki muka whatu takiruaka taea te tuku raraunga e rua ngā ara i te wā kotahi, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi.
- Ka whakaratohia e ngā taura muka whatu whakangungu rakau he parenga pakari ki ngā kino ā-tinana, kia roa ai te mahi i roto i ngā taiao wero.
- Ngā taura papaki MTP me ngāNgā taura papaki MPOkua hangaia hei tautoko i ngā hononga kiato-teitei, ā, he mea tino nui mō ngā hoahoa whatunga ka taea te tauine me te whai hua.
Heoi anō, ka taea e ēnei taura muka whatu te tere Ethernet tae atu ki te 40G, ka whakapūmau i tō rātou tūranga hei taputapu nui mō ngā mahi pokapū raraunga.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- Mā ngā taura muka whatu ka tere te tuku raraunga. Nā tēnei ka hira ake rātou mō ngā pokapū raraunga o ēnei rā. Ka taea te rere pai, ā, ka whakaiti i ngā whakaroa.
- Te whiriwhiri i te momo me te rahi tika otaura papaki muka whatuhe mea nui mō ngā hua pai rawa atu. Whakaarohia te kounga o te tohu me te wāhi e whakamahia ai.
- Me hono ngā hononga ki ngā taputapu whatunga. Me whakarite kia ōrite te whakamahinga o ngā hononga hei ārai i ngā raruraru i roto i te whatunga.
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o ngā Taura Patch muka whatu
Ngā Momo Taura Muka Whatu
He maha ngā momo taura muka whatu, ia momo i hangaia mō ngā tono motuhake. Ko ngā kāwai matua e rua koaratau kotahimemuka maha-aratauKo ngā muka aratau-kotahi, he 8-9 µm te rahi o te matua, ka whakamahi i ngā pūtake mārama taiaho, ā, he pai mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tawhiti me ngā whakaritenga whānui-rahi. He rerekē, ko ngā muka aratau-maha, he nui ake ngā rahi matua o te 50, 62.5 µm rānei, ka whakamahi i ngā pūtake mārama LED, ā, he pai ake mō ngā tawhiti poto ki waenga, pērā i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga.
Ka whakarōpūtia anō ngā muka maha-aratau ki ngā momo OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, me OM5, he rerekē ngā taumata mahi o ia momo. Hei tauira, ka tautokohia e OM4 me OM5 ngā tere raraunga teitei ake i ngā tawhiti roa, ā, he pai mō ngā whatunga tere-nui o ēnei rā.
| Momo muka | Rahi Matua (µm) | Pūtake Mārama | Momo Tono |
|---|---|---|---|
| muka aratau maha | 50, 62.5 | LED | Ngā tawhiti poto ki waenga |
| muka Aratau Kotahi | 8 – 9 | Reera | Ngā tawhiti roa, ngā hiahia whānui rānei |
| Ngā momo Aratau Maha | OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, OM5 | LED | Ngā tono tawhiti poto pēnei i ngā pokapū raraunga |
Ngā Momo Hononga me te Hototahi
Ko te mahi a te taura muka whatu e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki te momo hononga me tōna hototahitanga ki ngā taputapu whatunga. Ko ngā momo hononga noa ko SC, LC, ST, me MTP/MPO. He āhuatanga ahurei tō ia momo, pērā i ngā tikanga honohono me te maha o ngā muka, e hāngai ana ki ngā tono motuhake.
Hei tauira, ko ngā hononga SC, e mōhiotia ana mō ō rātou hoahoa pana-tōia, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha CATV me te tirotiro. Ko ngā hononga LC, me tō rātou rahi kiato, e pai ake ana mō ngā tono kiato-teitei pērā i te tuku pāpāho Ethernet. Ko ngā hononga MTP/MPO, e tautoko ana i ngā muka maha, he mea nui mō ngā taiao whānui-rahi.
| Momo Hononga | Tikanga Hononga | Tatau muka | Kāhua Whakakanapa Mutunga | Ngā tono |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SC | Pana-Tōia | 1 | PC/UPC/APC | CATV me ngā Taputapu Tirotiro |
| LC | Pana-Tōia | 1 | PC/UPC/APC | Tukunga rongorau Ethernet |
| MTP/MPO | Rīpene Pana-Tōia | Maha | Kāore he | Ngā taiao whānui-teitei |
Mā te taurite i te momo hononga tika ki te taura muka whatu ka tino pai te mahi me te pono o te whatunga. He mea nui te hototahi ki ngā hanganga o nāianei me te piri ki ngā paerewa ahumahi mō te whakaurunga maeneene.
Ngā Paerewa Pumau me te Mahi
Kua hangaia ngā taura muka whatu kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa pakari me te mahi. Ka whakamatautauria ēnei taura, tae atu ki ngā inenga ngaronga whatu me ngā aromatawai ahotea miihini, kia pono ai. Ko ngā whakamātautau noa ko te kaha kume, te ātete kuru, me te huringa pāmahana, e whakatauira ana i ngā āhuatanga o te ao tūturu.
Mā ngā tukanga whakapūmau kounga, pērā i te Mana Kounga Taumai (IQC) me te Mana Kounga Whakamutunga (FQC), ka whakarite kia tutuki i ia taura whakapiri ngā paerewa o te ao. Mā ngā tiwhikete pērā i te UL me te ETL ka whakamanahia anō tō rātou tutuki. Hei tāpiri, nā ngā whanaketanga hangarau kua whakarei ake i te pakari o ēnei taura, ā, ka ātete ki ngā āhuatanga taiao me ngā kino ā-mīhini.
Ko te whakamātautau auau me te piri ki ngā paerewa kounga tino pakari ka hua aketaura papaki muka whatuhe kōwhiringa pono mō ngā pokapū raraunga, e whakarite ana i te mahi roa me te iti o te ngaronga tohu.
Ngā Taupānga i roto i ngā Pokapū Raraunga
Te Hono i ngā Pūrere Whatunga
Ngā taura papaki muka whatuHe mahi nui tā ēnei taura ki te hono i ngā taputapu whatunga i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga. Mā ēnei taura ka pai te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i ngā tūmau, ngā pana, me ngā pūnaha rokiroki, ka taea ai te whakawhiti raraunga tere me te whakaiti i te whakaroa. Nā te maha o ngā whakamahinga ka taea e ngā tīma IT te whirihora pai i ngā whatunga, ahakoa i roto i ngā whakaritenga uaua.
- I whakatinanahia e Te Whare Wānanga o Capilano ngā taura muka whatu he tae-waehere hei whakahaere i ngā tukanga whakatau raruraru.
- Nā te pūnaha hou i taea ai e ngā kaimahi hangarau mōhiohio te tautuhi tere i ngā hononga, ā, i tino whakaitihia ai te wā rapurongoā.
- I mua, ko te whakatūnga o te rūma whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e hiahiatia ana he hawhe rā mahi, engari i oti i roto i te kotahi haora noa iho e te kaimahi kotahi.
Mā te whakamahinga o ngā taura muka whatu ka pai ake te mahi, ka māmā ake hoki te tiaki, ā, he mea nui rawa atu mō ngā pokapū raraunga o ēnei rā.
Te Tautoko i ngā Taiao Kiato-Teitei
He maha ngā wā ka whakahaerehia ngā pokapū raraunga i roto ingā taiao kiato teiteihe mea nui te arotautanga o te wāhi me te whakahaere taura. He tino pai ngā taura muka whatu i ēnei āhuatanga mā te tuku hoahoa kiato me ngā āheinga mahi teitei. Ko tō rātou kaha ki te tautoko i ngā hononga maha i roto i ngā wāhi iti ka whakarite kia pai te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi.
- Ka whai hua ngā taiao taura kiato-teitei i te pono me te mahi a ngā taura muka whatu.
- Mā ēnei taura ka tere te tāutanga, ā, ka whakaitihia hoki ngā hapa e puta mai ana i te whakahaeretanga taura ngoikore.
- Ko ngā hononga MTP/MPO, i hangaia mō ngā tatūnga kiato-teitei, ka whakarei ake i te tauine me te whakaiti i te raruraru.
Mā ngā taura muka whatu ka taea e ngā pokapū raraunga te whakatutuki i ngā tono e tipu haere ana, me te kore e whakararu i te mahi, i te whakaritenga rānei.
Te Whakapai Ake i ngā Pūnaha Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Muka Whatu
Ka whakapai ake ngā taura muka whatu i ngā pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti muka whatu mā te arotau i te tuku tohu me te whakaiti i te pokanoa. Ka taea e ō rātou hoahoa matatau te whakatutuki i ngā tono kanorau, mai i ngā hononga tawhiti poto ki ngā tuku tawhiti.
- Ka tutukihia e ngā taura papaki takirua me ngā taura papaki māmā ngā whakaritenga tawhiti rerekē, ā, he iti te ngaronga whakaurunga e tukuna ana e ngā hononga LC mō ngā tono tawhiti.
- Ka ārai ngā taura papaki whakatikatika-aratau i te whakataetae tohu, kia pumau ai te mahi whatunga.
- Ka whakarei ake ēnei taura i te pono me te kore e hiahiatia he taputapu tāpiri, ka waiho hei otinga utu iti mō ngā pokapū raraunga.
Mā te whakamahi i ngā āheinga o ngā taura muka whatu, ka taea e ngā pokapū raraunga te whakatutuki i ngā pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pai rawa atu e tautoko ana i te tuku raraunga tere-tiketike me te pono.
Ngā Painga o ngā Taura Whakapiri muka whatu
Tuku Raraunga Tere-Tiketike
Mā ngā taura muka whatu ka taea te tuku raraunga i ngā tere tino pai, ā, he mea nui mō ngā pokapū raraunga o ēnei rā. Mā te kaha whānui o te whānui ka taea te tuku ataata kounga teitei, ā, ka whakakorea ngā raruraru ārai. Ka whakaitihia hoki e ēnei taura te roa, ka pai ake te aro ki ngā petipeti ipurangi me ētahi atu tono wā-tūturu. Kāore i rite ki ngā taura parahi tuku iho, ka ātete ngā taura muka whatu ki te pokanoa hikohiko, ka taea ai te tuku raraunga pono ahakoa i roto i ngā taiao he nui te haruru hiko.
Mā te kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā rahinga raraunga nui ka pai ake te hua me te whai huatanga o te mahi. Nā tēnei ka waiho ngā taura muka whatu hei otinga utu-pai mō ngā pakihi e hiahia ana ki te hononga tere-teitei.
Te Pūmautanga o te Whatunga kua Whakapaitia
Ko te pono te tūāpapa o tētahi pokapū raraunga, ā, he tino pai ngā taura muka whatu i tēnei wāhanga. Mā te hoahoa matatau ka whakaitihia te ngaronga tohu, ā, ka whakarite kia mau tonu te mahi i ngā tawhiti roa. Kāore ēnei taura e pāngia e ngā āhuatanga taiao pēnei i te piki me te heke o te pāmahana me te kino tinana, ka taea te whakararuraru i ngā mahi whatunga.
Mā te pupuri i ngā hononga pumau, ka whakaitihia e ngā taura muka whatu te wā kore mahi, ā, ka whakarei ake i te pono o te whatunga whānui. Mā tēnei ka whakarite i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero korekore i waenga i ngā tūmau, ngā pana, me ngā pūnaha rokiroki, he mea nui tēnei mō ngā tono tino nui.
Te Whakawhanuitanga mō te Tipu ā-Mārama
Nā te kaha o te tauine o ngā taura papaki muka whatu, ka waiho heihaumitanga ā-muamō ngā pokapū raraunga. I te mea kei te tipu haere tonu te haere o ngā raraunga, kei te piki haere te hiahia mō ngā otinga whānui-rahi. Ko te mākete taura muka whatu, e $11.1 piriona te uara i te tau 2021, e matapaetia ana ka eke ki te $30.5 piriona i te tau 2030, nā te whānui ake o ngā pokapū raraunga me te whakamahi i ngā hangarau pēnei i te 5G me te muka-ki-te-kāinga (FTTH).
Ka tautokohia e ngā taura muka whatu kounga teitei ngā hiahia e tipu haere ana mō ngā hanganga matihiko, ka taea ai e ngā pokapū raraunga te whakanui ake i ā rātou mahi me te kore e whakararu i te mahi. Mā tēnei urutau ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakatutuki i ngā tono ā-muri me te whai hua, ka waiho ēnei taura hei wāhanga nui o ngā hoahoa whatunga hou.
Te Kōwhiri i te Taura Patch Muka Whatu Tika
Te Roa me te Momo Taura
He mea nui te whiriwhiri i te roa me te momo taura e tika ana hei whakarite i te mahi tino pai i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga. He mea nui ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pono o te tohu, te whakapaunga hiko, me te taiao tāutanga ki tēnei whakatau. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā taura whatu hohe (AOC) te toro atu ki te 100 mita, ā, he pai mō ngā wāhi whakararuraru hiko teitei (EMI), ko ngā taura parahi hono tika (DAC) he 7 mita te roa engari he iti ake te hiko e pau ana.
| Ine | Ngā Taura Whatu Hohe (AOC) | Ngā Taura Parahi Āpiti Tika (DAC) |
|---|---|---|
| Te Taenga me te Pono o te Tohu | Tae atu ki te 100 mita | I te nuinga o te wā tae atu ki te 7 mita |
| Te Whakamahinga Mana | Teitei ake nā ngā transceivers | He iti iho, kāore he taputapu whakawhiti e hiahiatia ana |
| Utu | Te utu tīmatanga teitei ake | Te utu tīmatanga iti iho |
| Taiao Taupānga | Pai rawa atu i ngā rohe EMI teitei | Pai rawa atu i ngā rohe iti te EMI |
| Ngāwari o te Tāutanga | He ngāwari ake, he māmā ake | He nui ake, he iti ake te ngāwari |
Mā te mārama ki te tahua ngaronga me ngā whakaritenga whānui ka whakarite kia tutuki i te taura muka whatu kua whiriwhiria ngā hiahia motuhake o te whatunga.
Hototahitanga Hononga
He mea nui te hototahitanga i waenga i ngā hononga me ngā taputapu whatunga mō te whakaurunga maeneene. Ko ngā momo hononga noa, pērā i te SC, te LC, me te MTP/MPO, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā tono rerekē. Hei tauira, he iti ngā hononga LC, ā, he pai mō ngā taiao kiato teitei, ko ngā hononga MTP/MPO ia e tautoko ana i ngā muka maha mō ngā pūnaha whānui-rahi. Ko ngā tūtohi hototahi, pērā i te mea kei raro nei, ka āwhina i te tautuhi i te hononga tika mō ngā tatūnga motuhake:
| Tūemi # Whakamua | muka | Roanga Ngaru Whakahaere SM | Momo Hononga |
|---|---|---|---|
| P1-32F | IRFS32 | 3.2 – 5.5 µm | Hototahi ki te FC/PC |
| P3-32F | - | - | Hototahi ki te FC/APC |
| P5-32F | - | - | Hototahi ki te FC/PC ki te FC/APC |
Mā te taurite i te momo hononga ki te taura papaki muka whatu ka whakarite i te mahi pono, ā, ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā raruraru whatunga.
Kounga me ngā Paerewa Waitohu
Ko ngā taura muka whatu kounga teitei e piri ana ki ngā paerewa ahumahi pakari, e whakarite ana i te roa me te mahi. Ko ngā tiwhikete pēnei i te TIA BPC me te IEC 61300-3-35 e whakamana ana i te tutuki i ngā paearu kounga. Hei tauira, ko te paerewa IEC 61300-3-35 e aromatawai ana i te ma o te muka, he mea nui hei pupuri i te pono o te tohu.
| Tiwhikete/Paerewa | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| TIA BPC | Whakahaerehia te pūnaha whakahaere kounga waea TL 9000. |
| Te Kaupapa Kounga FOC a Verizon | Kei roto ko te tiwhikete ITL, te hanganga ture NEBS, me te TPR. |
| IEC 61300-3-35 | Ka whakarōpūtia te ma o te muka i runga i ngā karawarawa/ngā hapa. |
He maha ngā wā ka pai ake te mahi a ngā waitohu he iti te reiti rahunga whakamātautau, ā, he pono hoki ngā whakamutu whakamātautau i ngā momo huarahi iti ake te utu, ā, he mea whai hua ēnei mō ngā pokapū raraunga.
He mea nui ngā taura muka whatu mō ngā pokapū raraunga o ēnei rā, e tuku ana i te whakawhiti raraunga tere-teitei, te ngaronga tohu iti, me te kaha ki te whakawhanui. He pai ake tā rātou mahi i ngā taura tuku iho, e whakaaturia ana i raro nei:
| Āhuatanga | Ngā Taura muka whatu | Ētahi atu Taura |
|---|---|---|
| Tere Whakawhiti Raraunga | Whakawhiti raraunga tere-teitei | Ngā tere iti iho |
| Ngaronga Tohu | Ngaronga tohu iti | Te ngaronga tohu teitei ake |
| Te Āheinga Tawhiti | He whai hua mō ngā tawhiti roa | Ngā āheinga tawhiti iti |
| Te Hiahia o te Mākete | Kei te piki haere nā ngā hiahia whakawhitiwhiti kōrero o ēnei rā | He pumau, he heke rānei i ētahi wāhi |
Mā ēnei taura ka pai te hononga, ka pono rawa atu, ka hototahi hoki ki ngā tono aratau maha me te aratau kotahi. He kōwhiringa kounga teitei, pērā i a Dowell'staura papaki muka whatu, e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa pakari, e mea nui ana mō te arotau i te mahi me te tauine i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga.
Mā te whiriwhiri i te taura muka whatu tika ka whakarite kia pai te tuku raraunga me te hanganga whatunga mō ngā rā kei te heke mai.
Ngā Pātai Auau
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā taura muka whatu aratau-kotahi me ngā taura muka whatu aratau-maha?
Ka tautokohia e ngā taura aratau-kotahi te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tawhiti, whānui-rahi mā te whakamahi i te mārama taiaho. He pai ngā taura aratau-maha, he nui ake ngā uho, mō ngā tawhiti poto ki waenga, ā, e whakamahi ana i ngā pūtake mārama LED.
Me pēhea taku whiriwhiri i te momo hononga tika mō taku pokapū raraunga?
Tīpakohia ngā hononga i runga i ngā hiahia o te tono. Mō ngā tatūnga kiato-teitei, ka pai te mahi a ngā hononga LC. Ka pai ngā hononga MTP/MPO ki ngā taiao whānui-rahi, ko ngā hononga SC ia ka pai ki ngā pūnaha tirotiro.
He aha i pai ake ai ngā taura muka whatu i ngā taura parahi?
He tere ake te whakawhiti raraunga, he iti ake te ngaronga tohu, ā, he tawhiti ake hoki ngā taura muka whatu. Ka ātete hoki rātou ki te pokanoa hikohiko, ka whakarite kia pono te mahi i roto i ngā taiao uaua.
TohutohuMe manatoko tonu te hototahitanga ki ngā hanganga o nāianei i mua i te hoko i ngā taura muka whatu hei whakarite i te whakaurunga pai me te mahi tino pai.
Wā tuku: 11 Paenga-whāwhā 2025